Proper mucogingival therapy should lead to gingival augmentation and create a vestibule with adequate depth in the regions with insufficient attached gingival tissues 1, 14, 18, 20, 22. Gingival recession classifications linkedin slideshare. Ajay mahajan modified the millers classification as following. The term atrophy makes reference to all processes of cell lesion characterized by a decrease in volume and cell population of a given organ or tissue, resulting from sublethal cell aggression, such as hypoxia, mechanical compression, local reduced vascularization, among others. Various consequences associated with gingival recession are increased clinical crown length, hypersensitivity, root caries and cervical abrasion. Gingival recession associated with orthodontic treatment. Baker dl, seymour gj 1976 the possible pathogenesis of gingival recession. The gingival morphology and tissue biotype have an influence on the likelihood of recession occurring. The one of the common factor is faulty tooth brushing trauma.
It can be associated with many etiological factors. Table 101 lists the most common causes of generalised gingival recession, but this chapter will limit discussion to recession associated with underlying systemic diseases. A recession is a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real gdp, real. In clinical dentistry, gingival recession is a common annoying problem. If you have gum recession, your dentist can help you understand the causes and recommend a treatment. Gum recession can cause problems for your dental health. Gingival recession has direct causes and predisposing factors. Watch this interesting video to learn what causes gum recession and the treatment available. American academy of periodontology 1992 the term marginal tissue recession is considered to be more accurate than gingival recession, since the marginal tissue may have been alveolar mucosa.
Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity, esthetic complaints, and a tendency toward root caries. Gingival recession is defined as the displacement of marginal gingiva apical to the cementoenamel junction cej. Recession a temporary downturn in economic activity, usually indicated by two consecutive quarters of a falling gdp. The use of these procedures can lead to the formation of a stable, noninflamed band of attached gingival tissue. Gingival recession receding gums refers to the progressive loss of gum tissue, which can eventually result in tooth root exposure if left untreated. The morphology of the lesions created is correlated. The horizontal component is expressed as a whole number value from the range 05 depending on what proportion of the cej is exposed on either the facial or lingual aspects of the tooth, between the mesial and distal midpoints. Understand why gingival recession is a serious concern both functionally and aesthetically for the soft and hard tissue. In a tooth with gum recession, the gum tissue has pulled away from the tooth.
Gingival recession defects not extending to mucogingival junction. In the authors opinion, this method is the least invasive and there are the least contraindications to it. Become familiar with the causes of gingival recession and learn how the tunnel connective tissue graft technique can be used to correct it. But untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a serious infection that destroys the soft tissue and bone that support your teeth, and eventually may cause tooth loss. Treating gingival recession ronan allen presents a practical guide to assessing and diagnosing mucogingival deformities, and discusses common treatment modalities involved in root coverage over the last few years dentistry has evolved in such a way that clinicians are not only required to treat disease and improve function but also to cope with. The digits describe the horizontal and vertical components of a recession site in that order.
Most of the classifications of gingival recession are unable to convey all the relevant information related to marginal tissue recession. Gum recession is most common in adults over the age of 40, but the process can begin in the teenage years. Gingival recession is a mucogingival defect of multifactorial origin. There are other factors too which contribute to the gingival recession. Many consider it to be just a sign of aging, and in some cases it is essentially that often the result of wear and tear or years of aggressive tooth brushing. The most common factors that influence gingival recession are alveolar bone dehiscence, high muscle attachment, frenal pull, iatrogenic factors, hard tooth brush, traumatic tooth brushing habits, orthodontic tooth movements and periodontal disease. Gingival recession can lead to root exposure, sensitivity and root caries. Gingival recession is represented by atrophic periodontal changes. Histologically it is characterised by the loss of connective fibres of the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone 2.
A histological study of induced recession in the rat. To categorize gingival recession, various classifications have been proposed. Location of the gingival margin apical to the cej aap how much recession is out there. The recession of the gingiva is increasingly becoming a prominent condition in the oral health of many patients and should be treated at its earliest detection. However, sometimes receding gums can be a sign of something more. The negative effects of exposed roots may lead to dentine hypersensitivity, root caries, and poor esthetics1. Treatment of gingival recession with subepithelial. Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to migration of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction. Reduction of gingival recession and of hypersensitivity were maintained at least until the final evaluation at months. Records of 205 patients 162 female, 43 male were obtained from two private practice orthodontists who were careful to avoid excessive labial movement of mandibular incisors and maxillary posterior teeth. The colgate periodontal education program gingival.
Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity, esthetic complaints and a tendency toward. Presence of gingival recession in the anterior teeth may cause esthetic concern to the patients. Gingival recession, exposure of the root surface due to apical migration of the gingival margin, affects a signi. Gingival recession, also known as receding gums, is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue andor retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. Periodontal evaluation included gingival score, plaque score, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss and mea surement of width of attached gingival.
Gingival recession is defined as the apical migration of the junctional epithelium with exposure of root surfaces. Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity. Treatment of millers class i gingival recession defects using coronally advanced flap. Gingival recession an overview sciencedirect topics. Gingival recession is defined as an apical displacement of soft tissues to the cementoenamel junction cej. The presence of gingival recession amongst subjects with a good standard of oral hygiene suggests that the aetiology is complex and multifactorial joshipura et al. Gingival recession checklist and visual guide is a practical chairside support tool that illustrates to the patient the gingival recession modifiable conditions that she or he can personally control. Earlystage periodontal disease gingivitis is seldom painful and causes relatively minor signs, such as red, swollen and bleeding gums. Gum recession can be difficult to selfdiagnose in its earlier stages because the changes often occur asymptomatically and gradually. Most of these conditions are uncommon and patients should be referred for specialist management, rather than. Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to apical migration of the gingival tissue margins. Gingival recession is a common problem associated with or without periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a porcine acellular dermal matrix padm with or without an enamel matrix derivative emd on gingival recession defects treated with a coronally advanced flap caf in dogs. The official nber definition of recession which is used to date u.
It has also been reported that recession will increase over time with the use of hardbristle brushes, excessive force, and frequency of brushing. How to stop gingival recession or receding gums treatment. Neglected, this disorder can result in larger threat of tooth. Receding gums gums that recede to expose the root surfaces of teeth is a common condition in adults over the age of 40. Generalized recession ranging from 1 to 4 mm on tooth nos. Table 2 shows the second digit of the ir that gives the vertical. Healing of localized gingival recessions treated with a. Gingival margins of restorations should generally be placed supragingivally or at the gingival crest.
Surgical management using free grafts and guided tissue regeneration m. Orthodontic treatment is able to prevent recession and even contribute to its treatment, with or without periodontal approach, depending on the type and severity of gingival tissue damage. Gum recession is the process in which the margin of the gum tissue that surrounds the teeth wears away, or pulls back, exposing more of the tooth, or the tooths root. Gingival recession is defined as the displacement of the marginal tissue apical to the cementoenamel junction. Gingival recession can be defined as the displacement of the marginal tissue apical to the cementoenamel junction cej see aap glossary of terms. Treating gingival recession over the last few years. It is characterized by the displacement of the gingival margin apically from the cementoenamel junction cej and the exposure of the root surface to the oral environment.
Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity, esthetic complaints. Management of multiple and isolated gingival recession sites with periodontal plastic surgical proceduresa case report. Treat gingival recession extensive oneappointment treatment using emdogain enamel matrix proteins. Dealing with gum recession is essential, not just for relief, but additionally to protect the healthiness of the teeth. This clinical condition is frequently noticed in the population and particularly among patients. Clinical case report autogenous connective tissue graft.
Gingival recession or receding gums, is a disorder in which the roots of the teeth come to be uncovered due to the reduction or decreasing of periodontal tissue. Is leukocyte and plateletrich fibrin membrane an alternative for the. Miller class ii gingival recession defects 5 mm wide and 7 mm deep were surgically created on the labial side of bilateral maxillary canines in 12 dogs. It is a common condition seen in both dentally aware populations and those with limited access to dental care. Gingival recession gr is defined as the exposure of the root surface due to the displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction cej. The rationale for this treatment includes 1 a smaller surgical site and a reduction in treatment time through a combined approach and 2 faster healing in the donor area by primary closure of the wound area. Gingival recession is defined as the apical migration of the gingival margin in relation to the cementoenamel junction causing root exposure. This paper is the second in a three part series looking at the aetiology and management of gingival recession. Treatment of gingival recession using coronally advanced. Gingival recession is defined as the displacement of marginal tissue apical to the cementoenamel junction cej. Gingival recession financial definition of gingival recession.
399 201 921 1523 425 185 244 1632 1161 29 304 1453 1654 663 649 108 187 358 602 389 152 685 643 257 558 252 583 165 1382 1147 834 1180 1480 958 1321 1197 384 1220 1215